A roof is the covering of a building, serving to protect it from rain, snow, sunlight, wind, and other elements. It can be constructed in many different forms–flat, pitched, vaulted, domed, or a combination of these–as dictated by technical, economic, or aesthetic considerations.

The roofing structure, a series of trusses, beams, and rafters, is the main part of a roof. Generally, the roof sheathing is laid on top of this.

Roofing materials vary by type and weather resistance, so discuss your options with a contractor. Asphalt shingles, metal panels, terracotta tiles, membrane roofing, and more will all be designed to withstand varying weather patterns and climates over time.

Size: Your home’s square footage and its features–overhangs, architectural details, slope–all contribute to a roof’s overall size. For instance, a 2,200-square-foot house may have 22 squares of roof space, while a 3,500-square-foot home might have 35 squares.

Areas: Measure the length and width of each plane on your roof, including any dormers. For example, if there are two 750 sq ft (70 m2) rectangular planes and four 135 sq ft (12.5 m2) triangular planes on your roof, you would have a total of 2,040 square feet (190 m2).

Start by drawing a diagram of the roof from the ground. This helps to ensure that you don’t miss anything and gives you a place to jot down your measurements. Next, mark off each section of your diagram, starting with the outer edges where the eaves are and continuing to the ridge lines on the peak, hip, and valley sections.

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